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May 10, 2024Malaysia is known for its rich cultural heritage and stunning landscapes, as well as its diverse coffee bean offerings. While Malaysia cultivates a limited quantity of Arabica and Robusta beans, about 90% of its coffee production comprises Liberica varietals. These beans yield a distinctive flavour profile characterised by their robust body, smokiness, and hints of woodiness.
This article will take you on a journey to explore the three main types of coffee beans found in Malaysia: Arabica, Robusta, and Liberica. We will explore what makes each of them unique, so let’s dive in and discover the flavours that Oriental Kopi, a coffee shop in KL, has to offer!
Arabica Coffee Beans in Malaysia
Arabica coffee beans are highly regarded for their delicate flavours and distinct aromas. No wonder they are the most popular choice among coffee enthusiasts in Malaysia. Arabica coffee plants thrive in the highlands, where the cool climate and fertile soil provide the ideal conditions for cultivation.
These beans are known for their smooth and mellow taste, often described as having hints of chocolate, nuts, and fruits. The low acidity levels in Arabica coffee make it a perfect choice for those with sensitive stomachs.
Characteristics and Flavours of Arabica Coffee Beans
Arabica coffee beans have unique characteristics that set them apart from other types of coffee beans. They are oval-shaped and slightly larger than other varieties, with a distinctive curved crease on one side.
When roasted, Arabica beans produce a rich, full-bodied coffee with a pleasant acidity. The flavours vary depending on the origin and processing methods, but common notes include caramel, berries, citrus, and floral undertones.
The growing conditions in Malaysia contribute to the unique tastes found in Arabica coffee beans. The high altitude and the country’s tropical climate produce beans with delicate acidity and a well-balanced flavour profile.
Whether you prefer a light roast that highlights the floral and fruity notes or a dark roast that brings out the chocolate and nutty bodies, Arabica beans from Malaysia will satisfy your taste buds. You can enjoy it as a traditional black and white coffee or with added flavours.
Robusta Coffee Beans in Malaysia
As the name suggests, Robusta coffee beans are known for their robust flavours. They are generally grown in lower altitudes and can withstand a broader range of climates than Arabica beans.
Robusta beans are more disease-resistant and have a higher caffeine content, making them a popular choice for those who prefer a stronger cup of coffee. These beans are commonly used in traditional coffee blends and local favourites such as kopi-o, a black coffee with a unique aroma found in kopitiams in Malaysia.
Characteristics and Flavours of Robusta Coffee Beans
Robusta coffee beans have a distinct appearance with a rounder shape and a straight crease on one side. When roasted, they produce a bold and full-bodied coffee with a higher bitterness level than Arabica beans.
The flavour profile of Robusta coffee is often described as earthy and woody, with hints of dark chocolate and spices. The higher caffeine content gives Robusta coffee a powerful kick, making it a popular choice for those who need an extra energy boost.
In Malaysia, Robusta coffee beans are commonly used in traditional brewing methods such as “sock” brewing, where the coffee is brewed using a cloth filter. This method allows the taste of Robusta coffee to shine through, resulting in a rich and aromatic cup of coffee.
Whether you enjoy your coffee black or with a splash of condensed milk, Robusta beans from Malaysia will deliver a satisfying brew.
Liberica Coffee Beans in Malaysia
Liberica coffee beans are the rarest type of coffee beans in Malaysia. The plants are larger than Arabica and Robusta, with broad and elongated leaves. Liberica beans are known for their unique and intense flavours, making them a hidden gem in coffee.
Nevertheless, Malaysia allocates 90% of its bean production to the Liberica species, constituting a mere 1% of global coffee production. The remaining 10% of beans cultivated and exported by Malaysia are Robusta beans.
Characteristics and Flavours of Liberica Coffee Beans
Liberica is a type of coffee bean in Malaysia that has a distinct appearance with an elongated shape and a deep groove running along one side. When roasted, they produce a bold, full-bodied coffee with a unique smoky and floral aroma.
Liberica coffee’s flavours are often described as having a hint of dark chocolate, wood, and even a floral sweetness. Its low acidity level and strong taste make Liberica coffee beloved among those who prefer a rich and distinct cup of coffee.
In Malaysia, Liberica coffee beans are gaining popularity among coffee enthusiasts who appreciate their exceptional flavours. While it may be challenging to find Liberica beans in your local coffee shop, there are speciality coffee roasters and cafes that showcase the distinct flavours of this rare coffee bean.
Get your hands on instant coffee powder derived from many coffee beans in Malaysia, including Arabica, Robusta, and Liberica. It offers a convenient way to enjoy Malaysia’s diverse coffee tastes!
5 Main Differences between Arabica, Robusta & Liberica
Arabica, Robusta, and Liberica are three different species of coffee plants, each with its own distinct characteristics.
Here is a comparison table outlining the distinctions between Arabica, Robusta, and Liberica coffee beans:
Characteristics | Arabica | Robusta | Liberica |
Taste | Mild, aromatic, with varying flavour profiles (fruity, floral, nutty) | Strong, bold, with earthy and woody notes, often bitter | Full-bodied, smoky, and slightly woody |
Caffeine Content | Lower caffeine content, typically 1.2-1.5% | Higher caffeine content, typically 2.2-2.7% | Moderate caffeine content, typically between Arabica and Robusta |
Plant Size | Larger, taller plants with more delicate leaves | Smaller, shorter plants with more robust leaves | Large, sturdy plants with distinctively broad leaves |
Growing Conditions | Thrives in higher altitudes with cool temperatures and ample rainfall | Grows in lower altitudes with warmer temperatures and less rainfall | Adapted to diverse climates, including lowlands and highlands |
Market Share | Dominates the speciality coffee market, accounting for about 60-70% of global production | Accounts for about 25-30% of global production, often used in blends and instant coffee | Represents a small fraction of global production, around 2% |
Conclusion
Malaysia is a treasure trove for coffee enthusiasts, offering various coffee beans with different notes and characteristics. Whether you prefer the delicate and mellow taste of Arabica, the bold and intense flavours of Robusta, or the rare and intense experience of Liberica, Malaysia has something to offer every coffee lover.
Portuguese egg tarts in Malaysia are a delightful indulgence with a flaky crust and creamy custard filling, commonly enjoyed with a cup of full-bodied, aromatic coffee. This pairing perfectly complements the creamy texture of the tart and enhances the rich coffee taste.